1030          BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR.

gardens and the pensions they received.  These pensions are plaid
quarterly and are $24, $30, $36, $5l, and $72 per quarter.  Only three
or four, however, are above $51 per quarter.  Of the total females,
288 are simply housewives, and 55 are at home unemployed.  Thirty-
five of these 55 are young women between the ages of 16 and 30.
More than half have been high-school students and many of them
high-school graduates, but owing to the very limited field of work for
Negro women in Xenia they have no employment.  There are 216
school children.  As has been seen, the field is limited almost entirely
to washing, cooking, and day and domestic service.  Rather than put
their daughters into this service, unless absolutely necessary, the
mothers and fathers undergo many sacrifices, until finally the daugh-
ters obtain employnlent, generally in teaching school in Xenia or in
the surrounding country, or in the South, usually Kentucky.
  The following list of arrests will give sonic idea of the proportion
and character of crime among the Negroes of Xenia.  I)During the year
from June 1, 1901, to May 31, 1902, there were 3'28 arrests by Xenia
police, of which 98, or 29.9 per cent, were of Negroes, as follows:
Eight in June, 11 in July, 10 in August, 10 in September, 2 in Octo-
ber, 4 in Novembler, 5 in December, 14 in January, 1902; 8 in Febru-
ary, 4 in March, 12 in April, 10 in May. (a) The causes for these arrests
were as follows: Drunk, 10; loitering, 3; disorderly, 22; drunk and
disorderly, 6; assault and battery, 7; suspicion, 5; safe-keeping, 11;
stealing ride, 7; petit larceny, 11; lunacy, 2; burglary and larceny, 1;
fugitive from justice, 1; murder, 1; (b) horse stealing, 2; larceny, 1;
gambling, 7; execution, 1.

                ECONOMICS OF THE FAMILY.
  The same plan as suggested in the Farmville study and carried out
more fully in the Sandy Spring study is here attempted to be worked
out. In accordance with this there are three conceptions of the fam-
ily: (1) The possible family, consisting of the parents and all the chil-
dren ever born to them living; (2) the real family, consisting of the
parents and all the children living at present, whether at home or
away; (3) the economic family, consisting of all the persons, related
and unrelated, living in one house under conditions of family life.
  Practically the same difficulties encountered by the Sandy Spring
investigator were encountered ill Xenia, and for this reason the figures
representing the possible and real families are only approximately
correct.
  aThe jail was visited October 17, and there were found 2 white prisoners, but no
Negroes. On the same day there were 34 persons in the workhouse-19 whites and
15 Negroes.
  bThe one case of murder was not for crime committed in Xenia; the murder was
committed in North Carolina.




			

OHS Archives/Library Pamphlet Collection

"The Negroes of Xenia, Ohio: A Social Study (1830-1900)." Bulletin of the Bureau of Labor

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Issue Number:  48